The monitor flashed quite a bit of red last month. But the market was seemingly undeterred and pushed higher anyway. Should this continue?
Fixed Income: 2-Yr Treas Yield 3.91% | 10-Yr Treas. Yield 3.91%
The bond markets saw volatility in August as questions mounted about an impromptu rate-cut by the Federal Reserve Bank (FRB). The most meaningful fall came at the beginning of the month. The perceived weakness in jobs data prompted a move to safety as expectations increased for a rate cut. At the time, people were calling for 0.50% before the September meeting. Cooler heads prevailed and the market is now expecting a 0.25% cut in September. The more impressive data point over the last month was the parody reached on the last trading day of August. This was the first time the two closed at parity since July 5th, 2022! It is still to be determined if rate normalization (higher rates on longer dated fixed income) will prevail. It is a good sign that the anticipated rate cuts are making a large enough impact for us to reach parity.
Equities: Dow Jones 1.76% | S&P 500 2.28% | NASDAQ 0.65%
The market moves that led to a strong month for fixed income signaled weakness for the equity markets. The Nasdaq lost almost four percent in the first week of the month to spend the next two weeks crawling out of that hole. The last week of the month saw the index continue to falter. Strong earnings from bellwether Nvidia (NVDA) was not enough to bolster confidence. Investors seemed to come to the realization that the FRB will likely take a slow methodical path towards rate reductions. That path did not buoy equity markets. In a retracement of the July trades, other major market categories failed to capitalize on weaker large caps:
S&P 400 (Mid Cap Index): 0.21%
Russell 2000 (Small Cap Index): 1.59%
Conclusion
It was, in all, a good month… That’s for two reasons, 1) fixed income made up ground that equities lost, 2) the spread between the 2-yr treasury and the 10-yr treasury reached parity. Something of a signal that the soft landing the FRB is looking for has been achieved. Generally, a recession (that would be evident by this point) would have caused a normalization of the curve.
A Look Ahead…
We see two key reasons to expect further volatility in equity markets during the next month:
- The 22.40 price to earnings (P/E) ratio for the S&P 500 will need to narrow further before markets can start a real rally.
- September is notoriously the worst month of the year for equities:
- 2023: 5.35%
- 2022: 8.92%
- 2021: 4.89%
- 2020: 4.12%
- 2019: 2.32%
Some logic would point to the high frequency in recent years being a signal that volatility should weaken in September. I find that unlikely given the elevated P/E referenced.
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Markets shed weight on inflation data last week, recovering ground late. What caused this swing?
Monday
Monday’s activity was very much still a reaction to the jobs report released the prior Friday. For most of the day markets floated near the highs only to shed value late. Focus shifted to potential supply constraints as a result of the colonial pipeline (CP) ransomware situation. With that shift in focus, the S&P 500 ended the day down 1%.
Tuesday
The S&P 500 shed another .87% on Tuesday. Job openings increased to 8.1M and the CP pipeline remained out of commission. That closure dominated momentum on the markets. Energy prices soared, but equities as a whole struggled.
Wednesday
Inflation data out Wednesday morning roiled the markets! Markets have been pricing in higher inflation as the re-opening trade has been under way for several months now. The repricing continued Wednesday. Core Consumer Prices (Inflation proxy) jumped from 1.6% in March to 3.0% in April. The strong reading raised concerns that we are about to undergo a wave of high inflation. The S&P 500 fell 2.14%, however the NASDAQ led the losses as 2.65%.
Thursday
Initial jobless claims fell to a pandemic low of 473K. This upbeat reading seemed to allow calmer heads to prevail on Thursday as markets staged a rebound.
Friday
In a move that was clearly ‘bad news is good news,’ weak retail sales allowed markets to close higher. The weaker reading encouraged investors that perhaps April’s inflation reading will not be the norm going forward.
Conclusion
There is much focus on inflation right now. Understandably so, supply lines are choked off, employees are hard to come by, and people are starting to get out and spend money. From the semiconductor shortages, a depleted rental fleet from a sell off during the pandemic, to lumber bottleneck. Every where you turn there is evidence of price hikes. All that said, the inflation concerns do not appear to be long term. As workers come back, supply constraints will improve, and these price increases will likely prove temporary. A sign of prices adapting to current circumstances rather than long term inflation increases.
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